Water Scarcity in Saudi Arabia - Essay Paper Answers.
Towards Assessment of Saudi Arabia Public Awareness of Water Shortage Problem Omar K M Ouda Department of Civil Engineering, Prince Mohamed Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Abstract Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is located in a very harsh natural desert environment with no rivers or lakes.
Today water has become a very valuable commodity for the survival of our planet and its species. Water shortage has been mainly contributed by the rapidly growing population in the world which has been increasing consumption and sanitation problems coupled with the growing industrialization and development activities that have been polluting water and increasing its scarcity levels.
When annual water supplies drop below 1 000 m3 per person, the population faces water scarcity, and below 500 cubic metres “absolute scarcity”. Water scarcity is defined as the point at which the aggregate impact of all users impinges on the supply or quality of water under prevailing institutional arrangements to the extent that the demand by all sectors, including the environment, cannot.
Water scarcity is a lack of drinkable water available in a given area. It mostly affects arid and deserted areas, and places where the water is too polluted to drink. It is a social, environmental and economic problem in many countries. Water scarcity can be the result of both human and natural causes. Changes in climate and weather patterns can cause the availability of water to drop.
Water supply and sanitation in Saudi Arabia is characterized by challenges and achievements. One of the main challenges is water scarcity.In order to overcome water scarcity, substantial investments have been undertaken in seawater desalination, water distribution, sewerage and wastewater treatment.Today about 50% of drinking water comes from desalination, 40% from the mining of non-renewable.
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Water scarcity is defined as the situation whereby the aggregate impact of all users impinges on the supply or quality of water under prevailing institutional arrangements to the extent that the demand from all sectors, including the environment, cannot be satisfied fully (Water Scarcity, n. d. ).